River Birch (Betula nigra) – 4-5′ *Spring Only*

Description

Latin: Betula nigra
Zones: USDA 4–9
Other Common Names: Red Birch, Water Birch
Mature Height: 40–70 ft tall, 40–60 ft spread
Soil/Climate: Prefers moist, well-drained to wet soils; tolerant of clay, sand, and acidic soils; thrives in full sun to partial shade; highly adaptable to flooding and urban conditions
Notes: Deciduous tree with a distinctive, exfoliating bark that ranges from salmon-pink to reddish-brown, revealing lighter inner layers. Leaves are ovate, serrated, and bright green, turning yellow in fall. Produces small catkins in spring. Often planted for erosion control along streams, rivers, or wetland edges.
Wildlife: Provides food and shelter for birds, small mammals, and insects; seeds and catkins consumed by finches and other birds; dense branching offers nesting sites.