Bristlecone Pine (Pinus aristata)

Description

This plant is restricted for shipment to CA, ID

Latin Name: Pinus aristata

Common Name: Foxtail pine, hickory pine, Colorado Bristlecone pine, Rocky Mountain Bristlecone pine

Zone: 3-7

Mature Height: Bristlecone pines are relatively small compared to other pines, typically growing between 20 to 50 feet tall. They have a very slow growth rate, typically averaging about 10 to 15 inches in height per decade under optimal conditions. In harsh environments, (cold temperatures, high winds, and poor soil.) which is often where they thrive, their growth can be even slower—sometimes only a few inches per year. This slow growth contributes to their longevity, as they can live for thousands of years in rugged, high-elevation habitats. Their growth is influenced by factors such as soil quality, climate, and competition with other vegetation.

Soil/ Climate: Bristlecone Pine  prefer well-drained, sandy to rocky soils that are low in nutrients. They thrive in poor, dry, and alkaline soils, often found in high-elevation mountainous areas. These trees are well-adapted to harsh conditions, including thin soils on steep slopes, which allows them to survive where many other species cannot. Good drainage is essential, as they do not tolerate waterlogged conditions. They also thrive at high elevations, often between 9,800 and 11,000 feet, in rocky, mountainous terrain.

Notes:  The needles are dark green, typically 1 to 3 inches long, and occur in clusters of five. They are known for their twisted appearance. The cones are small, cylindrical, and can take several years to mature. They have spiky, bristle-like projections, which give the tree its name. Bristlecone pines are among the oldest living trees on Earth, with some individuals estimated to be over 4,800 years old. 

Problems: Bristlecone pines can be affected by bark beetles and other pests that bore into the wood and bark, weakening the trees and making them more vulnerable to secondary infections. They are susceptible to various fungal pathogens, which can cause root rot and other diseases, particularly in stressed individuals. Bristlecone pines are facing a combination of natural and anthropogenic threats that can impact their long-term survival. Conservation efforts focusing on habitat protection, monitoring, and management are essential to ensure the continued existence of these ancient trees.

Wildlife: Bristlecone pines provide habitat for various wildlife, including birds, small mammals, and insects. The trees play a role in their ecosystems by stabilizing soil and contributing to nutrient cycling. The dense, twisted branches of bristlecone pines offer excellent nesting sites for birds such as woodpeckers, jays, and other songbirds. Many birds feed on the seeds from the cones, which are high in protein and fat. Species like squirrels, crossbills, and nuthatches are known to forage on these seeds. Species such as chipmunks, squirrels, and pikas often inhabit areas around bristlecone pines, using the trees for shelter and food. Deer may browse on the needles and bark, particularly when other food sources are limited. Various insects, including bees and butterflies, are attracted to the area for foraging, contributing to the pollination of other plant species in the ecosystem. Some insects may feed on the foliage or cones, providing a food source for insectivorous birds and other predators.

Cold Stream Farm supplies Bristlecone Pine trees which are grown as bare root seedlings and transplants and sold both wholesale and retail with no minimum order.

Additional information on Pinus aristata can be found on the link: USDA Plants Database

For More Information, visit:

National Forest – Home (usda.gov)

Bristlecone Pine Research